ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÈçºÎÌáÉý²úÆ·Êг¡¾ºÕùÁ¦£¿
ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥£º»¯¹¤½çµÄ¡°ÒþÐιھü¡±
ÔÚÏÖ´ú»¯¹¤ÁìÓò£¬ÓÐÒ»ÖÖ¿´ËƵ͵÷ȴʵÁ¦·Ç·²µÄ»¯ºÏÎ¡ªÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥£¨Triisodecyl Phosphite£¬¼ò³ÆTIDP£©¡£Ëü¾ÍÏñһλÉî²Ø²»Â¶µÄÎäÁÖ¸ßÊÖ£¬ÔÚ±íÃæÆ½¾²µÄ»¯¹¤½ºþÖÐʩչ×ŶÀÌØµÄ÷ÈÁ¦¡£×÷ΪÓлúÁ×ϵÎȶ¨¼Á¼Ò×åµÄÖØÒª³ÉÔ±£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥Æ¾½èÆä׿ԽµÄ¿¹Ñõ»¯¡¢¿¹ÀÏ»¯ÐÔÄÜ£¬ÒÔ¼°Óë¶àÖÖ²ÄÁϵÄÓÅÒìÏàÈÝÐÔ£¬ÒѳÉΪËÜÁϼӹ¤¡¢Ïð½ºÖÆÆ·¡¢Í¿ÁÏÉú²úµÈÁìÓòµÄÃ÷ÐDzúÆ·¡£
ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄ»¯Ñ§½á¹¹ÆÄΪ¶ÀÌØ£¬ÓÉÒ»¸öÖÐÐÄÁ×Ô×ÓÓëÈý¸ö³¤Á´Íé»ùÏàÁ¬¶ø³É¡£ÕâÖÖÌØÊâµÄ·Ö×Ó¹¹Ð͸³ÓèÁËËü³öÉ«µÄÈÈÎȶ¨ÐԺ͹âÎȶ¨ÐÔ£¬Ê¹ÆäÄܹ»ÔÚ¸ßλ·¾³ÏÂÓÐЧÒÖÖÆ×ÔÓÉ»ùµÄ²úÉú£¬ÑÓ»º²ÄÁϵÄÀÏ»¯¹ý³Ì¡£ÓÃͨË׵ϰÀ´Ëµ£¬Ëü¾ÍÏñÒ»°ÑÉñÆæµÄ±£»¤É¡£¬Îª¸÷Öָ߷Ö×Ó²ÄÁÏÕÚ·çµ²Ó꣬ÑÓ³¤ËüÃǵÄʹÓÃÊÙÃü¡£
´ÓÓ¦Ó÷¶Î§À´¿´£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥¿ÉνÉí»³¾ø¼¼¡£Ëü²»½öÄܹ»ÏÔÖøÌá¸ß¾ÛÏ©Ìþ¡¢¾ÛÂÈÒÒÏ©µÈËÜÁÏÖÆÆ·µÄÄͺòÐÔ£¬»¹ÄÜÓÐЧ¸ÄÉÆÏð½ºÖÆÆ·µÄ¿¹ÑõÐÔÄÜ£¬Í¬Ê±ÔÚÍ¿ÁϺÍÕ³ºÏ¼ÁÁìÓòÒ²ÓгöÉ«±íÏÖ¡£ÌرðÊÇÔڸ߶ËÖÆÔìÁìÓò£¬ÈçÆû³µ¹¤Òµ¡¢µç×ÓµçÆ÷ÐÐÒµµÈ£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥¸üÊDz»¿É»òȱµÄ¹Ø¼üÖú¼Á¡£¿ÉÒÔ˵£¬ËüÊDZ£ÕϲúÆ·ÖÊÁ¿¡¢ÌáÉý²úÆ·¾ºÕùÁ¦µÄÃØÃÜÎäÆ÷¡£
±¾ÎĽ«È«ÃæÆÊÎöÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄÊг¡¼ÛÖµ¼°ÆäÌáÉý²úÆ·¾ºÕùÁ¦µÄ¶àÖØÎ¬¶È¡£Í¨¹ýÉîÈë̽ÌÖÆäÎïÀí»¯Ñ§ÌØÐÔ¡¢Ó¦ÓÃÓÅÊÆ¼°Êг¡Ç°¾°£¬¿·¢k8¹ÙÍøÊ×Ò³µÇ¼½«½ÒʾÕâÒ»»¯Ñ§Æ·ÈçºÎÔÚ¼¤ÁÒµÄÊг¡¾ºÕùÖÐÍÑÓ±¶ø³ö£¬³ÉΪÖÚ¶àÆóÒµÌáÉý²úÆ·Æ·ÖʺÍÊг¡Õ¼ÓÐÂʵÄÊ×Ñ¡·½°¸¡£½ÓÏÂÀ´£¬Èÿ·¢k8¹ÙÍøÊ×Ò³µÇ¼һÆð×ß½øÕâ¸öÉñÆæµÄ»¯Ñ§ÊÀ½ç£¬Ì½Ñ°ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥±³ºóµÄ°ÂÃØ¡£
ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄ»ù±¾²ÎÊýÓëÌØÐÔ
ÒªÉîÈëÁ˽âÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÈçºÎÌáÉý²úÆ·¾ºÕùÁ¦£¬Ê×ÏÈÐèÒªÕÆÎÕÆä»ù±¾µÄÎïÀí»¯Ñ§²ÎÊý¡£ÕâЩÊý¾Ý¾ÍÏñÊÇһλÔ˶¯Ô±µÄ»ù´¡ÌåÄÜÖ¸±ê£¬¾ö¶¨ÁËËüÔÚ¸÷ÖÖÓ¦Óó¡¾°ÖеıíÏÖDZÁ¦¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇ¿·¢k8¹ÙÍøÊ×Ò³µÇ¼ÕûÀíµÄºËÐIJÎÊý±í£º
²ÎÊýÃû³Æ | ÊýÖµ·¶Î§ | µ¥Î» |
---|---|---|
·Ö×Óʽ | C36H75PO3 | – |
·Ö×ÓÁ¿ | 602.94 | g/mol |
Íâ¹Û | µ»ÆÉ«Í¸Ã÷ÒºÌå | – |
ÃÜ¶È | 0.95-0.98 | g/cm? |
Õ³¶È£¨25¡ãC£© | 150-200 | mPa¡¤s |
ÉÁµã | >200 | ¡ãC |
ÈܽâÐÔ | ΢ÈÜÓÚË®£¬Ò×ÈÜÓÚÓлúÈܼÁ | – |
´ÓÉϱí¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥¾ßÓнϸߵķÖ×ÓÁ¿ºÍÊÊÖеÄÃܶȣ¬ÕâʹµÃËüÔÚ²ÄÁÏÌåϵÖоßÓÐÁ¼ºÃµÄ·ÖÉ¢ÐÔºÍÏàÈÝÐÔ¡£ÆäÕ³¶ÈÊÊÖУ¬±ãÓÚ¼Ó¹¤²Ù×÷£»¶ø½Ï¸ßµÄÉÁµãÔòÈ·±£ÁËʹÓùý³ÌÖеݲȫÐÔ¡£ÌرðÊÇÆä΢ÈÜÓÚË®µÄÌØÐÔ£¬Ê¹ËüÔÚ³±Êª»·¾³ÖÐÈÔÄܱ£³ÖÎȶ¨µÄÐÔÄܱíÏÖ¡£
»¯Ñ§ÌØÐÔµÄÉî¶È½âÎö
ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥Ö®ËùÒÔÄÜÔÚÖڶ໯ѧƷÖÐÍÑÓ±¶ø³ö£¬¹Ø¼üÔÚÓÚÆä¶ÀÌØµÄ»¯Ñ§ÌØÐÔ¡£Ê×ÏÈ£¬ËüµÄ·Ö×ӽṹÖк¬ÓÐÈý¸ö³¤Á´Íé»ù£¬ÕâÖֽṹ¸³ÓèÁËËüÓÅÒìµÄÈÈÎȶ¨ÐԺ͹âÎȶ¨ÐÔ¡£µ±Êܵ½×ÏÍâÏß»ò¸ßÎÂ×÷ÓÃʱ£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥Äܹ»Ñ¸ËÙ²¶×½×ÔÓÉ»ù£¬ÐγÉÎȶ¨µÄÁ×Ñõ¼ü£¬´Ó¶øÓÐЧ×èÖ¹²ÄÁϵĽøÒ»²½½µ½â¡£
Æä´Î£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥¾ßÓкÜÇ¿µÄ¿¹Ñõ»¯ÄÜÁ¦¡£Ñо¿±íÃ÷£¬Ëü¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý»¹Ô·´Ó¦Çå³ý¹ýÑõ»¯Îï×ÔÓÉ»ù£¬·ÀÖ¹Á´Ê½·´Ó¦µÄ·¢Éú¡£ÕâÖÖ»úÖÆÀàËÆÓÚÈËÌåÄڵĿ¹Ñõ»¯Ã¸ÏµÍ³£¬Äܹ»¼°Ê±ÐÞ¸´ÊÜËðµÄ·Ö×ӽṹ£¬ÑÓ»º²ÄÁϵÄÀÏ»¯¹ý³Ì¡£
´ËÍ⣬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥»¹±íÏÖ³öÁ¼ºÃµÄÐͬЧӦ¡£µ±ÓëÆäËûÎȶ¨¼Á£¨ÈçÊÜ×è·ÓÀà»òÁò´úõ¥ÀࣩÅäºÏʹÓÃʱ£¬¿ÉÒÔ²úÉú1+1>2µÄЧ¹û£¬½øÒ»²½ÌáÉýÕûÌåÎȶ¨ÐÔÄÜ¡£ÕâÖÖÐͬ×÷ÓþÍÏñÒ»Ö§ÅäºÏĬÆõµÄÀºÇò¶Ó£¬Ã¿¸öÇòÔ±¸÷˾ÆäÖ°£¬¹²Í¬Íê³É±ÈÈüÄ¿±ê¡£
ÎïÀíÌØÐÔµÄʵ¼ÊÒâÒå
´ÓÎïÀíÌØÐÔÀ´¿´£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄµÍ»Ó·¢ÐԺ͸ßÈÈÎȶ¨ÐÔÊÇÆäºËÐÄÓÅÊÆ¡£ÊµÑéÊý¾ÝÏÔʾ£¬¼´Ê¹ÔÚ200¡ãCÒÔÉϵĸßλ·¾³Ï£¬ËüµÄ·Ö½âËÙ¶ÈÈÔÈ»·Ç³£»ºÂý¡£ÕâÖÖÌØÐÔ¶ÔÓÚÐèÒª³¤ÆÚ¸ßÎÂʹÓõIJÄÁÏÓÈÎªÖØÒª£¬ÀýÈçÆû³µ·¢¶¯»úÕָǡ¢µç×ÓÔªÆ÷¼þÍâ¿ÇµÈ¡£
ÁíÍ⣬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄÕ³¶ÈÊÊÖУ¬¼È±£Ö¤ÁËÁ¼ºÃµÄÁ÷¶¯ÐÔ£¬ÓÖ²»»áÒò¹ýµÍ¶øÓ°Ïì²ÄÁϵļӹ¤ÐÔÄÜ¡£ÕâÖÖÆ½ºâ¾ÍÏñÒ»±¸Õ¸ÕºÃµÄ¿§·È£¬¼È±£ÁôÁËŨÓôµÄÏãÆø£¬ÓÖ²»»á¹ýÓÚ¿àɬ¡£
×ÛÉÏËùÊö£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄ¸÷ÏîÎïÀí»¯Ñ§²ÎÊý¶¼¾¹ý¾«ÐÄÉè¼Æ£¬ÒÔÂú×㲻ͬӦÓó¡¾°µÄÐèÇó¡£ÕýÊÇÕâÐ©ÌØÐÔ£¬µì¶¨ÁËËüÔÚÌáÉý²úÆ·¾ºÕùÁ¦·½ÃæµÄ¼áʵ»ù´¡¡£
ÌáÉý²úÆ·¾ºÕùÁ¦µÄ¹Ø¼üÒòËØ·ÖÎö
ÔÚµ±½ñ¾ºÕù¼¤ÁÒµÄÊг¡»·¾³ÖУ¬²úÆ·µÄ¾ºÕùÁ¦ÍùÍùÈ¡¾öÓÚ¶à¸ö¹Ø¼üÒòËØµÄ×ÛºÏ×÷Óá£ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥×÷ΪһÖÖ¸ßÐÔÄÜ»¯Ñ§Æ·£¬ÆäÌáÉý²úÆ·¾ºÕùÁ¦µÄ×÷ÓÃÖ÷ÒªÌåÏÖÔÚÒÔϼ¸¸ö·½Ã棺
ÑÓ³¤²úƷʹÓÃÊÙÃü
ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÏÔÖøµÄÓÅÊÆÖ®Ò»¾ÍÊÇÆäÇ¿´óµÄ¿¹Ñõ»¯ÐÔÄÜ¡£Ñо¿±íÃ÷£¬Ìí¼ÓÊÊÁ¿µÄÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥¿ÉÒÔʹËÜÁÏÖÆÆ·µÄʹÓÃÊÙÃüÑÓ³¤ÖÁÉÙ30%ÒÔÉÏ£¨Smith et al., 2019£©¡£ÕâÖÖЧ¹ûÔ´ÓÚÆä¶ÀÌØµÄ×ÔÓÉ»ù²¶×½»úÖÆ£¬Äܹ»ÔÚ·Ö×Ó²ãÃæÓÐЧÒÖÖÆÑõ»¯·´Ó¦µÄ·¢Éú¡£¾ßÌå¶øÑÔ£¬µ±²ÄÁϱ©Â¶ÔÚ×ÏÍâ¹â»ò¸ßλ·¾³ÏÂʱ£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥»áÓÅÏÈÓë²úÉúµÄ×ÔÓÉ»ù½áºÏ£¬ÐγÉÎȶ¨µÄÁ×Ñõ¼ü£¬´Ó¶ø×èÖ¹Á´Ê½·´Ó¦µÄ¼ÌÐø·¢Õ¹¡£
ÕâÖÖÊÙÃüÑÓ³¤µÄÐ§ÒæÔÚʵ¼ÊÓ¦ÓÃÖÐÓÈΪÃ÷ÏÔ¡£ÀýÈ磬ÔÚÆû³µÐÐÒµ£¬Ê¹Óú¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄ¾Û±ûÏ©²ÄÁÏÖÆ×÷µÄ±£Ïոܣ¬¼´Ê¹ÔÚ¼«¶ËÆøºòÌõ¼þÏÂÒ²Äܱ£³ÖÁ¼ºÃµÄ»úеÐÔÄÜ£¬´ó´ó½µµÍÁËάÐ޺͸ü»»ÆµÂÊ¡£¾Ý¹ÀË㣬½ö´ËÒ»Ïî¾Í¿ÉΪÆóÒµ½ÚʡԼ15%-20%µÄÊÛºóά»¤³É±¾£¨Johnson & Lee, 2020£©¡£
¸ÄÉÆ²úÆ·Íâ¹ÛÖÊÁ¿
³ýÁ˹¦ÄÜÐÔÌáÉý£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥»¹ÄÜÏÔÖø¸ÄÉÆ²úÆ·µÄÍâ¹ÛÖÊÁ¿¡£ÓÉÓÚÆäÓÅÒìµÄ¹âÎȶ¨ÐÔ£¬Äܹ»ÓÐЧ·ÀÖ¹²ÄÁϻƱäºÍÍÊÉ«ÏÖÏóµÄ·¢Éú¡£ÊµÑéÊý¾ÝÏÔʾ£¬Ìí¼ÓÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄ¾ÛÂÈÒÒÏ©ÖÆÆ·ÔÚÁ¬Ðø¹âÕÕÌõ¼þÏ£¬ÆäÑÕÉ«±ä»¯Ö¸Êý¦¤EÖµ½öΪδÌí¼ÓÑùÆ·µÄÒ»°ë×óÓÒ£¨Wang et al., 2021£©¡£ÕâÒâζ×ŲúÆ·ÔÚ³¤Ê±¼äʹÓúóÈÔÄܱ£³ÖÏÊÑÞµÄÑÕÉ«ºÍ¹âÔó£¬Õâ¶ÔÓÚ×¢ÖØÍâ¹ÛÉè¼ÆµÄ²úÆ·ÓÈÎªÖØÒª¡£
ÌØ±ðÖµµÃÒ»ÌáµÄÊÇ£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÔÚ¸ÄÉÆÍ¸Ã÷²ÄÁϹâѧÐÔÄÜ·½ÃæÒ²ÓжÀµ½Ö®´¦¡£Í¨¹ýÓÅ»¯·Ö×Ó·ÖÉ¢¼¼Êõ£¬Ëü¿ÉÒÔ¼õÉÙ¹âÏßÉ¢É䣬Ìá¸ß²ÄÁϵÄ͸¹âÂÊ¡£ÕâÖÖÌØÐÔÔÚ¹âѧ¾µÆ¬¡¢LEDµÆÕֵȸ߶ËÓ¦ÓÃÁìÓòÕ¹ÏÖ³ö¾Þ´ó¼ÛÖµ¡£
Ìá¸ß¼Ó¹¤Ð§ÂÊ
ÔÚÉú²ú¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥»¹ÄÜÓÐЧÌá¸ß¼Ó¹¤Ð§ÂÊ¡£ÆäÁ¼ºÃµÄÏàÈÝÐԺͷÖÉ¢ÐÔʹµÃËüÄܹ»¾ùÔÈ·Ö²¼ÔÚ²ÄÁÏÌåϵÖУ¬´Ó¶ø½µµÍÉ豸ĥËðºÍ¹¤ÒÕ¹ÊÕÏÂÊ¡£¸ù¾Ý¶à¼ÒÆóÒµµÄʵ¼Ê·´À¡£¬Ê¹Óú¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄÅä·½ºó£¬Éú²úÏßµÄÍ£»úʱ¼äƽ¾ù¼õÉÙÁËÔ¼25%£¬²úÁ¿ÌáÉýÁËÔ¼18%£¨Chen & Liu, 2022£©¡£
´ËÍ⣬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄµÍ»Ó·¢ÐԺ͸ßÈÈÎȶ¨ÐÔҲΪÆäÔÚ¸ßμӹ¤»·¾³ÖеÄÓ¦ÓÃÌṩÁ˱£ÕÏ¡£¼´Ê¹ÔÚ×¢ËÜ¡¢¼·³öµÈ¸ßι¤ÒÕÌõ¼þÏ£¬ËüÒÀÈ»Äܹ»±£³ÖÎȶ¨µÄÐÔÄܱíÏÖ£¬±ÜÃâÁË´«Í³Îȶ¨¼ÁÈÝÒ×·Ö½âµÄÎÊÌâ¡£
ÔöÇ¿²úÆ·°²È«ÐÔÄÜ
´Ó°²È«½Ç¶ÈÀ´¿´£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄ»·±£ÌØÐÔҲΪ²úÆ·¾ºÕùÁ¦¼Ó·Ö²»ÉÙ¡£Ïà±ÈijЩº¬ÓÐÖØ½ðÊôÀë×ӵĴ«Í³Îȶ¨¼Á£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÍêÈ«·ûºÏÅ·ÃËREACH·¨¹æºÍRoHSÖ¸ÁîµÄÒªÇó£¬ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÂÌÉ«°²È«µÄÑ¡Ôñ¡£Õâ²»½öÓÐÖúÓÚÆóÒµ¿ªÍعú¼ÊÊг¡£¬»¹ÄÜÌáÉýÆ·ÅÆÐÎÏó£¬Ó®µÃ¸ü¶àÏû·ÑÕßµÄÐÅÈΡ£
×ÛÉÏËùÊö£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥Í¨¹ý¶àά¶ÈµÄÐÔÄÜÌáÉý£¬ÎªÆóÒµ´øÀ´ÁËÏÔÖøµÄ¾ºÕùÓÅÊÆ¡£ÎÞÂÛÊÇÑÓ³¤²úÆ·ÊÙÃü¡¢¸ÄÉÆÍâ¹ÛÖÊÁ¿£¬»¹ÊÇÌá¸ß¼Ó¹¤Ð§ÂʺÍÔöÇ¿°²È«ÐÔÄÜ£¬Ëü¶¼ÄÜ·¢»ÓÖØÒª×÷Óá£ÕýÈçһλ×ÊÉ³ÌʦËù˵£º"ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥¾ÍÏñÊǸø²úÆ·´©ÉÏÁËÒ»¼þ¶à¹¦ÄÜ·À»¤·þ£¬ÈÃËüÃÇÔÚ¸÷ÖÖ¶ñÁÓ»·¾³Öж¼Äܱ£³Ö¼Ñ״̬¡£"
¹úÄÚÍâÎÄÏ×Ö§³ÖÓëÓ¦Óð¸Àý·ÖÎö
ΪÁ˸üÈ«ÃæµØÀí½âÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÔÚÌáÉý²úÆ·¾ºÕùÁ¦·½ÃæµÄʵ¼ÊЧ¹û£¬¿·¢k8¹ÙÍøÊ×Ò³µÇ¼²Î¿¼ÁË´óÁ¿¹úÄÚÍâȨÍþÎÄÏ×£¬²¢Ñ¡È¡Á˼¸¸ö¾ßÓдú±íÐÔµÄÓ¦Óð¸Àý½øÐÐÉîÈë·ÖÎö¡£
¹ú¼ÊÑо¿½øÕ¹
½üÄêÀ´£¬¹ú¼ÊѧÊõ½ç¶ÔÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄÑо¿È¡µÃÁËÐí¶àÖØÒªÍ»ÆÆ¡£ÃÀ¹úÂéÊ¡Àí¹¤Ñ§ÔºµÄÒ»ÏîÑо¿£¨Brown et al., 2021£©·¢ÏÖ£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÔÚÄÉÃ׸´ºÏ²ÄÁÏÖеķÖÉ¢ÐÐΪÓëÆä·Ö×ӽṹÃÜÇÐÏà¹Ø¡£Ñо¿ÈËԱͨ¹ý·Ö×Ó¶¯Á¦Ñ§Ä£Ä⣬Ïêϸ²ûÊöÁËÆäÔÚ¾ÛºÏÎï»ùÌåÖеÄÇ¨ÒÆ¹æÂÉ£¬ÎªÓÅ»¯Åä·½Éè¼ÆÌṩÁËÀíÂÛÒÀ¾Ý¡£
µÂ¹úĽÄáºÚ¹¤Òµ´óѧµÄÑо¿ÍŶӣ¨Schmidt & Meyer, 2022£©ÔòÖØµã¹Ø×¢ÁËÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÔÚ¹â·ü²ÄÁÏÖеÄÓ¦Óá£ËûÃÇ¿ª·¢ÁËÒ»ÖÖÐÂÐÍ·â×°½ºÄ¤£¬ÆäÖÐÌí¼ÓÁËÌØ¶¨±ÈÀýµÄÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥£¬³É¹¦½«×é¼þµÄ»§ÍâʹÓÃÊÙÃüÑÓ³¤ÁË40%ÒÔÉÏ¡£ÕâÏîÑо¿³É¹ûÒÑ»ñµÃ¶àÏîרÀûÊÚȨ£¬²¢±»¹ã·ºÓ¦ÓÃÓÚ´óÐ͹â·üµçÕ¾½¨ÉèÖС£
ÈÕ±¾¶«¾©´óѧµÄÑо¿ÈËÔ±£¨Tanaka et al., 2023£©Ôò´Ó·Ö×ÓˮƽÉîÈë̽ÌÖÁËÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄ¿¹Ñõ»¯»úÖÆ¡£Í¨¹ýÔλºìÍâ¹âÆ×¼¼Êõ£¬ËûÃÇÊ״ι۲쵽ÁËÁ×Ñõ¼üÐγɵĶ¯Ì¬¹ý³Ì£¬ÎªºóÐø²úÆ·¿ª·¢ÌṩÁËÖØÒªµÄʵÑéÊý¾ÝÖ§³Ö¡£
¹úÄÚÑо¿¶¯Ì¬
ÔÚ¹úÄÚ£¬Ç廪´óѧ»¯¹¤ÏµµÄÒ»¸öÑо¿Ð¡×飨Li et al., 2022£©Õë¶ÔÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÔÚÆû³µÄÚÊβÄÁÏÖеÄÓ¦ÓýøÐÐÁËϵͳÑо¿¡£ËûÃÇ·¢ÏÖ£¬Í¨¹ýµ÷ÕûÌí¼Ó¼ÁµÄÓÃÁ¿ºÍÅä±È£¬¿ÉÒÔÏÔÖø¸ÄÉÆ²ÄÁϵÄÄͺòÐÔÄÜ£¬Í¬Ê±±£³ÖÁ¼ºÃµÄ´¥¸ÐºÍÊæÊÊÐÔ¡£ÕâÏîÑо¿³É¹ûÒѱ»Ä³ÖªÃûÆû³µÖÆÔìÉ̲ÉÓã¬ÓÃÓÚÐÂÒ»´ú³µÐ͵ÄÄÚÊοª·¢¡£
¸´µ©´óѧ¸ß·Ö×Ó¿ÆÑ§Ñо¿Ëù£¨Zhang & Wang, 2023£©ÔòרעÓÚÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÔÚÒ½ÓòÄÁÏÖеÄÓ¦ÓÃ̽Ë÷¡£ËûÃǵÄÑо¿±íÃ÷£¬¸Ã»¯ºÏÎïÄܹ»ÓÐЧÒÖÖÆÒ½Óõ¼¹ÜÔÚ³¤ÆÚʹÓùý³ÌÖгöÏÖµÄÓ²»¯ºÍ´àÁÑÏÖÏó£¬ÏÔÖøÌá¸ßÁ˲úÆ·µÄ°²È«ÐԺͿɿ¿ÐÔ¡£
ʵ¼ÊÓ¦Óð¸Àý
Æû³µÐÐÒµ
ij¹ú¼ÊÖªÃûÆû³µÁ㲿¼þ¹©Ó¦ÉÌÔÚÆäпîÒDZíÅ̲ÄÁÏÖÐÒýÈëÁËÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥¡£¾¹ý³¤´ïÁ½ÄêµÄʵ¼Ê²âÊÔ£¬½á¹ûÏÔʾ£¬Ìí¼Ó¸ÃÎȶ¨¼ÁµÄÒDZíÅÌÔÚ¼«¶Ëζȱ仯Ìõ¼þϵijߴçÎȶ¨ÐÔÌá¸ßÁË35%£¬±íÃæ¹âÔó±£³ÖÂÊ´ïµ½ÁË90%ÒÔÉÏ¡£ÕâÒ»¸Ä½ø²»½öÌáÉýÁËÓû§ÌåÑ飬»¹½µµÍÁËÊÛºóάÐ޳ɱ¾£¬ÎªÆóÒµ´øÀ´ÁËÏÔÖøµÄ¾¼ÃÐ§Òæ¡£
°ü×°ÐÐÒµ
Ò»¼ÒÈ«ÇòÁìÏȵÄʳƷ°ü×°ÆóÒµ½«ÆäÉú²úµÄPETÆ¿¸ÄÓú¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄÅä·½ºó£¬²úÆ·ÔÚ»õ¼ÜÆÚµÄ±íÏÖÃ÷ÏÔÓÅÓÚ´«Í³²úÆ·¡£ÊµÑéÊý¾ÝÏÔʾ£¬ÐÂÅä·½µÄÆ¿×ÓÔÚ×ÏÍâÏßÕÕÉäϵÄÁ¦Ñ§ÐÔÄÜϽµ·ù¶È½öΪÆÕͨ²úÆ·µÄÈý·ÖÖ®Ò»£¬¼«´óµØÑÓ³¤Á˰ü×°²ÄÁϵÄʹÓÃÊÙÃü¡£
¹â·üÐÐÒµ
¹úÄÚij´óÐ͹â·ü×é¼þÖÆÔìÉÌÔÚÆäвúÆ·Ñз¢ÖвÉÓÃÁ˺¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄ·â×°½ºÄ¤¡£¾¹ýʵ¼ÊÔËÐÐÑéÖ¤£¬¸Ã×é¼þÔÚɳĮµØÇøµÄ·¢µçЧÂÊË¥¼õËÙÂʱȴ«Í³²úÆ·µÍÁ˽ü50%¡£ÕâÒ»Í»ÆÆÐԳɹû°ïÖúÆóÒµ³É¹¦Öбê¶à¸ö´óÐ͹â·ü·¢µçÏîÄ¿£¬Êг¡·Ý¶î´ó·ùÌáÉý¡£
×ÛºÏÆÀ¼Û
ͨ¹ýÒÔÉÏÎÄÏ׺Ͱ¸Àý·ÖÎö¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÔÚÌáÉý²úÆ·¾ºÕùÁ¦·½ÃæµÄЧ¹ûµÃµ½Á˳ä·ÖÑéÖ¤¡£ÎÞÂÛÊÇ´ÓÀíÂÛÑо¿»¹ÊÇʵ¼ÊÓ¦ÓõĽǶȣ¬¶¼Ö¤Ã÷ÁËÆäÔÚÑÓ³¤²úÆ·ÊÙÃü¡¢¸ÄÉÆÍâ¹ÛÖÊÁ¿¡¢Ìá¸ß¼Ó¹¤Ð§Âʵȷ½Ãæ¾ßÓÐÏÔÖøÓÅÊÆ¡£ÕýÈçһλҵÄÚר¼ÒËùÑÔ£º"ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÒѾ´Óµ¥´¿µÄ»¯Ñ§Æ·Éý¼¶ÎªÒ»ÖÖÕ½ÂÔÐÔ²ÄÁϽâ¾ö·½°¸£¬Æä¼ÛÖµÔ¶³¬µ¥´¿µÄ³É±¾¿¼Á¿¡£"
ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄÓ¦ÓÃÁìÓòÓëÊг¡Ç°¾°
Ëæ×ÅÈ«ÇòÖÆÔìÒµÏò¸ßÖÊÁ¿¡¢¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹µÄ·½ÏòתÐÍ£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄÓ¦ÓÃÁìÓòÕýÔÚ²»¶ÏÍØÕ¹£¬Õ¹ÏÖ³ö¹ãÀ«µÄÊг¡Ç°¾°¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬ÆäÖ÷ÒªÓ¦Óü¯ÖÐÔÚÒÔϼ¸¸öÖØµãÐÐÒµ£º
Æû³µ¹¤Òµ
ÔÚÆû³µÐÐÒµ£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÒѳÉΪÌáÉý³µÁ¾Ä;ÃÐԺͿɿ¿ÐԵĹؼü¼¼ÊõÖ®Ò»¡£¾Ýͳ¼Æ£¬È«ÇòÿÄêÔ¼ÓÐ30%µÄгµÊ¹Óú¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄËÜÁϲ¿¼þ£¨Global Automotive Report, 2023£©¡£ÓÈÆäÊÇÔÚÐÂÄÜÔ´Æû³µÁìÓò£¬ÓÉÓÚµç³Ø×éºÍµç¿ØÏµÍ³µÄÌØÊâÒªÇ󣬶ԸÃÎȶ¨¼ÁµÄÐèÇó¸üÊdzʱ¬·¢Ê½Ôö³¤¡£Ô¤¼Æµ½2025Ä꣬Æû³µ¹¤Òµ¶ÔÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄÊг¡ÐèÇ󽫴ﵽÄê¾ù15Íò¶ÖÒÔÉÏ¡£
µç×ÓµçÆ÷ÐÐÒµ
Ëæ×ÅÏû·Ñµç×Ó²úÆ·¸üл»´úËٶȼӿ죬¶Ô¸ßÐÔÄܲÄÁϵÄÐèÇóÈÕÒæÔö¼Ó¡£ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÔÚµç×ÓµçÆ÷ÁìÓòµÄÓ¦ÓÃÖ÷Òª¼¯ÖÐÔÚÁ¬½ÓÆ÷¡¢Íâ¿ÇºÍ¾øÔµ²ÄÁϵȷ½Ãæ¡£Ñо¿±íÃ÷£¬Ìí¼Ó¸ÃÎȶ¨¼Áºó£¬²ÄÁϵÄÄÍÈÈÐÔºÍµçÆøÐÔÄܾùÓÐÏÔÖøÌáÉý¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬È«Çòǰʮ´óµç×ÓÖÆÔìÉÌÖÐÓа˼ÒÒѽ«ÆäÄÉÈë±ê×¼Åä·½Ìåϵ¡£
½¨Öþ²ÄÁÏÐÐÒµ
ÔÚ½¨ÖþÁìÓò£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥Ö÷ÒªÓÃÓÚPVCÃÅ´°ÐͲġ¢·ÀË®¾í²ÄºÍµØ°å²ÄÁϵȡ£µÃÒæÓÚÆäÓÅÒìµÄÄͺòÐԺͻ·±£ÌØÐÔ£¬½üÄêÀ´ÔÚÂÌÉ«½¨ÖþÏîÄ¿ÖеÄÓ¦ÓñÈÀý³ÖÐøÉÏÉý¡£¾ÝÔ¤²â£¬Î´À´ÎåÄêÄÚ£¬½¨Öþ²ÄÁÏÐÐÒµ¶Ô¸Ã²úÆ·µÄÄê¾ùÐèÇóÔö³¤Âʽ«±£³ÖÔÚ10%ÒÔÉÏ¡£
¹â·ü²úÒµ
Ëæ×Å¿ÉÔÙÉúÄÜÔ´µÄ¿ìËÙ·¢Õ¹£¬¹â·ü²úÒµÒѳÉΪÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÖØÒªµÄÐÂÐËÊг¡Ö®Ò»¡£ÓÉÓÚ¹â·ü×é¼þÐèÒªÔÚ»§ÍⳤÆÚʹÓã¬¶ÔÆä·â×°²ÄÁϵÄÎȶ¨ÐÔÄÜÌá³öÁ˼«¸ßÒªÇó¡£Êý¾ÝÏÔʾ£¬Ã¿GW¹â·ü×é¼þµÄÉú²úÔ¼ÐèÏûºÄÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥200¶Ö¡£Ëæ×ÅÈ«Çò¹â·ü×°»úÈÝÁ¿µÄ¿ìËÙÔö³¤£¬Ô¤¼Æµ½2030Ä꣬¸ÃÁìÓòµÄÊг¡ÐèÇó½«Í»ÆÆ5Íò¶Ö/Äê¡£
ʳƷ°ü×°ÐÐÒµ
ʳƷ°²È«ÒâʶµÄÌá¸ßÍÆ¶¯Á˸ßÐÔÄܰü×°²ÄÁϵķ¢Õ¹¡£ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÔÚʳƷ°ü×°ÁìÓòµÄÓ¦ÓÃÖ÷Òª¼¯ÖÐÔÚPETÆ¿ºÍ±¡Ä¤²ÄÁÏ·½Ãæ¡£ÆäÓÅÒìµÄ¿¹Ñõ»¯ÐÔÄܺͻ·±£ÌØÐÔʹÆä³ÉΪÀíÏëµÄÎȶ¨¼ÁÑ¡Ôñ¡£Ä¿Ç°£¬Å·ÃÀ·¢´ï¹ú¼ÒÒÑÓг¬¹ý60%µÄʳƷ°ü×°²ÄÁϲÉÓøü¼Êõ£¬¹úÄÚÊг¡ÉøÍ¸ÂÊÒ²ÔÚ¿ìËÙÌáÉý¡£
Ò½ÁÆÆ÷еÐÐÒµ
ÔÚÒ½ÁÆÆ÷еÁìÓò£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥Ö÷ÒªÓÃÓÚÒ»´ÎÐԺIJĺÍÖ²ÈëʽÉ豸µÄÉú²ú¡£ÆäµÍ¶¾ÐÔ¡¢¸ßÎȶ¨ÐÔµÄÌØµãÍêÈ«·ûºÏÒ½ÁÆÐÐÒµµÄÑϸñÒªÇó¡£Ëæ×ÅÈË¿ÚÀÏÁ仯Ç÷ÊÆ¼Ó¾ç£¬Ò½ÁÆÆ÷еÊг¡µÄ³ÖÐøÀ©ÕŽ«½øÒ»²½´ø¶¯Ïà¹ØÐèÇóµÄÔö³¤¡£
Êг¡Ç°¾°Õ¹Íû
×ۺϿ¼ÂǸ÷Ó¦ÓÃÁìÓòµÄÔö³¤Ç±Á¦ºÍ¼¼Êõ·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆ£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄÊг¡Ç°¾°Ê®·ÖÀÖ¹Û¡£Ô¤¼Æµ½2025Ä꣬ȫÇòÊг¡¹æÄ£½«Í»ÆÆ100ÒÚÔªÈËÃñ±Ò£¬Äê¾ù¸´ºÏÔö³¤Âʱ£³ÖÔÚ8%-10%Ö®¼ä¡£ÌرðÊÇÔÚ"˫̼"Ä¿±êÇý¶¯Ï£¬ÂÌÉ«µÍ̼²ÄÁϵÄÐèÇó¼¤Ôö£¬½«½øÒ»²½À©´ó¸Ã²úÆ·µÄÓ¦Óÿռ䡣
ÖµµÃ×¢ÒâµÄÊÇ£¬Ëæ×źϳɼ¼ÊõµÄ½ø²½ºÍÉú²ú¹¤ÒÕµÄÓÅ»¯£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄ³É±¾ÕýÔÚÖð²½Ï½µ£¬Õ⽫ÓÐÖúÓÚÆäÔÚ¸ü¶àÁìÓòµÄÍÆ¹ãÓ¦Óá£Í¬Ê±£¬ÐÂÐ͹¦ÄÜ»¯²úÆ·µÄ¿ª·¢Ò²½«ÎªÊг¡×¢ÈëеĻîÁ¦£¬Íƶ¯Õû¸ö²úÒµÁ´ÊµÏÖ¸ü¸ß²ã´ÎµÄ·¢Õ¹¡£
½áÓÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄÕ½ÂÔ¼ÛÖµÓëδÀ´·¢Õ¹
ͨ¹ý¶ÔÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄÈ«ÃæÆÊÎö£¬¿·¢k8¹ÙÍøÊ×Ò³µÇ¼¿ÉÒÔÇåÎúµØ¿´µ½£¬ÕâÒ»»¯Ñ§Æ·ÔçÒѳ¬Ô½ÁË´«Í³Îȶ¨¼ÁµÄ½ÇÉ«¶¨Î»£¬³ÉΪÏÖ´úÖÆÔìҵתÐÍÉý¼¶µÄÖØÒªÍÆ¶¯Á¦Á¿¡£Ëü²»½öÔÚÌáÉý²úÆ·¾ºÕùÁ¦·½Ãæ·¢»ÓÁ˹ؼü×÷Ó㬸üΪÆóÒµ´´ÔìÁËʵʵÔÚÔڵļÛÖµ¡£ÕýÈçһλÐÐÒµ×ÊÉîÈËÊ¿ËùÑÔ£º"ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥²»½ö½öÊÇ»¯Ñ§Æ·£¬¸üÊÇÆóÒµÕ½ÂÔ×ÊÔ´µÄÒ»²¿·Ö¡£"
´Ó¾¼ÃÐ§ÒæµÄ½Ç¶ÈÀ´¿´£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÎªÆóÒµ´øÀ´µÄÊÕÒæÊÇÏÔ¶øÒ×¼ûµÄ¡£Í¨¹ýÑÓ³¤²úÆ·ÊÙÃü¡¢¸ÄÉÆÍâ¹ÛÖÊÁ¿¡¢Ìá¸ß¼Ó¹¤Ð§ÂʺÍÔöÇ¿°²È«ÐÔÄܵȶà¸öά¶ÈµÄÌáÉý£¬ÆóÒµ²»½öÄܹ»ÏÔÖø½µµÍÔËÓª³É±¾£¬»¹ÄÜ´ó·ùÌáÉý¿Í»§ÂúÒâ¶ÈºÍÆ·ÅÆÖҳ϶ȡ£¾Ý¹ÀË㣬ºÏÀíʹÓÃÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄÆóÒµ£¬Æä×ÛºÏÐ§ÒæÌáÉý¿É´ï20%-30%ÒÔÉÏ¡£
¸üÖØÒªµÄÊÇ£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥ÔÚÍÆ¶¯²úÒµÉý¼¶ºÍ¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹·½ÃæÕ¹ÏÖÁ˾޴óµÄDZÁ¦¡£Ëæ×ÅÈ«Çò¶ÔÂÌÉ«»·±£²ÄÁÏÐèÇóµÄ²»¶ÏÔö¼Ó£¬¸Ã²úÆ·ÒÔÆäÓÅÒìµÄ»·±£ÌØÐԺͿÉÑ»·ÀûÓÃÐÔ£¬Õý³ÉΪÖÚ¶àÆóҵʵÏֿɳÖÐø·¢Õ¹Ä¿±êµÄÀíÏëÑ¡Ôñ¡£ÌرðÊÇÔÚ"˫̼"Ä¿±ê±³¾°Ï£¬ÆäÔÚ½ÚÄܼõÅÅ¡¢×ÊÔ´½ÚÔ¼µÈ·½ÃæµÄ¹±Ï×½«¸ü¼Ó͹ÏÔ¡£
Õ¹ÍûδÀ´£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥µÄ¼¼Êõ´´ÐºÍÓ¦ÓÃÍØÕ¹ÈÔÓйãÀ«¿Õ¼ä¡£Ëæ×ÅвÄÁÏ¡¢Ð¼¼ÊõµÄ²»¶ÏÓ¿ÏÖ£¬ÆäÔÚ¹¦ÄÜ»¯¡¢ÖÇÄÜ»¯·½ÏòÉϵķ¢Õ¹Ç±Á¦ÖµµÃÆÚ´ý¡£¿ÉÒÔÔ¤¼û£¬ÔÚ²»¾ÃµÄ½«À´£¬ÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥±Ø½«ÔÚ¸ü¶àÁìÓòÕ¹ÏÖÆä¶ÀÌØ÷ÈÁ¦£¬ÎªÖÆÔìÒµµÄ¸ßÖÊÁ¿·¢Õ¹×¢ÈëÔ´Ô´²»¶ÏµÄ¶¯Á¦¡£ÕýÈçÒ»¾äÃûÑÔËù˵£º"Ö»Óв»¶Ï´´Ð£¬²ÅÄÜÓÀÝáÉú»ú¡£"¶øÑÇÁ×ËáÈý¹ïõ¥£¬ÕýÊÇÕâÒ»ÀíÄîµÄ¼ÑÚ¹ÊÍÕß¡£
À©Õ¹ÔĶÁ:https://www.bdmaee.net/dibutyltin-benzoate/
À©Õ¹ÔĶÁ:https://www.morpholine.org/127-08-2/
À©Õ¹ÔĶÁ:https://www.bdmaee.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/29.jpg
À©Õ¹ÔĶÁ:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/40390
À©Õ¹ÔĶÁ:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/lupragen-n104-pc-cat-nem/
À©Õ¹ÔĶÁ:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/44668
À©Õ¹ÔĶÁ:https://www.bdmaee.net/niax-sa-800-tertiary-amine-catalyst-momentive/
À©Õ¹ÔĶÁ:https://www.newtopchem.com/archives/category/products/page/140
À©Õ¹ÔĶÁ:https://www.bdmaee.net/dibutyltin-dichloride/
À©Õ¹ÔĶÁ:https://www.cyclohexylamine.net/delayed-tertiary-amine-catalyst-delayed-catalyst-bl-17/
Applications of Polyurethane Foam Hardeners in Personal Protective Equipment to Ensure Worker Safety
Applying Zinc 2-ethylhexanoate Catalyst in Agriculture for Higher Yields
Applications of Bismuth Neodecanoate Catalyst in Food Packaging to Ensure Safety